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The
witch doctor succeeds for the same reason all the rest of us succeed.
Each patient carries his own doctor inside him. They come to us not knowing
that truth. We are our best whenwe give the doctor who resides within
each patient a chance to go to work.
-
Albert Schweitzer, M.D.
The data
on the pathophysiology of IBS and other functional gastrointestinal disorders
indicate that symptoms are most likely to arise from a complex interaction
of physiological, psychological and social factors. An important component
of this model is a chronically enhanced stress responsiveness in patients
with functional GI disorders including IBS.
Cognitive and relaxation-response interventions appear to be of significant
benefit in functional disorders including IBS.
In order to provide reassurance, health promoting information, and skills
in stress reduction to patients, group treatments for patients have been
introduced, and preliminary encouraging results have been reported. In
a recent study our group evaluated the short and long-term effect of a
cognitive-behavioral group intervention (the "IBS class") on
global and specific gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms and on
quality of life measures in patients with IBS, functional dyspepsia and
chronic abdominal pain. The two general goals of the education were to
reduce anxiety about symptoms and to facilitate a sense of self-control
(self-efficacy) by directing participants toward effective self-management.
These goals were addressed by providing the patient with a plausible,
neurobiological disease model explaining the interaction between chronic
stress, gastrointestinal symptoms and affective disorders by emphasizing
the self-healing exercises. In addition we provided an understanding of
the effects and side effects of common medications and diet on symptoms
and patients were trained to differentiate between ineffective, emotional
coping styles and effective rational coping styles.
Significant improvements following the treatment were observed on general
symptom severity, upper and lower GI symptoms, bloating, abdominal pain,
mood, sleep, and interference with daily activities. Approximately 2/3
of patients reported improvement of general GI symptoms (60%) and abdominal
pain (56%)/ 70% indicated an improvement in the interference of GI symptoms
with their daily activity. Similar changes were observed at 3-6 month
follow up.
The dominant theme of our cognitive behavioral group intervention is emphasis
on the patients to become an expert ("be your own doctor") in
understanding the pathophysiology of functional GI disorders including
IBS and effective management of symptoms. The intervention consists of
education about the role of cognitions (dysfunctional thoughts, coping
styles, threat appraisal, self inefficacy) in exacerbating IBS symptoms
and skill training in ways of identifying and challenging erroneous thoughts
about symptoms and life events. Another dominant theme of the IBS class
is the relaxation response training performed under guidance of an experienced
psychologist. This training focuses on effective ways of self-management
of the physiological and psychological responses to stress and stress
related symptom exacerbation and the role of breathing techniques and
progressive muscle relaxation.
We are currently planning a study to test the beneficial effects of an
integrated psychoeducational program ("IBS Class") on conventional
IBS therapy. The class will consist of 5 sessions with a group of 8-10
patients. Dr. Emeran Mayer will teach the medical part over approximately
3 hours and a psychologist with a longstanding experience in working with
IBS patients will perform 7 hours in stress management techniques, including
simple and effective relaxation training. If you qualify for this study,
you will either stay on your regular IBS therapy or you will be able to
attend the IBS class at no cost. If you are interested in learning more
or would like to participate, please contact us at (310) 312-9381.
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